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Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS). In a 2000 study, women with PCOS were 30 times more likely than other premenopausal women to have obstructive sleep apnea and excessive daytime sleepiness. Women with PCOS produce high amounts of male hormones, particularly testosterone, which can cause obesity, facial hair, and acne. About half of PCOS patients also have diabetes. Obesity and diabetes are both associated with sleep apnea and may be the common factors.

Some evidence suggests that treating sleep apnea with continuous positive airway pressure (CPAP) may reduce GERD symptoms by nearly 50%.

Diabetes. Diabetes is associated with sleep apnea and snoring. It is not clear if there is an independent relationship between the two conditions or whether obesity is the only common factor.