Norsemen settled the spot ca 831, and fought off the Irish until 1014
eventually the Norse rulers had Irish overlords. Henry II established English influence in 1170, which continued until 1922
Dublin became Protestant around the time of the Reformation, and surrendered to Oliver Cromwell's army in 1649
dramatic reversal of fortune in the 17th and 18th centuries, with the arrival of French Huguenot weavers fleeing persecution, soon followed by Flemish weavers
Much fine Georgian architecture was built
The English elite thrived while the Roman Catholic majority was largely kept in extreme poverty and suffered persecution under the harsh Penal Laws. Reforms improved the status of Catholics in the 19th century but inequity continued and armed conflict centered on Dublin
nown for Norman and Georgian castles and cathedrals
wealth of cultural life such as theatre, concerts, and opera
raditional industries of brewing, distilling
new activities of engineering, electronics
clipped from: historic-cities.huji.ac.il 
